References: 1. Ballas SK. Iron overload is a determinant of morbidity and mortality in adult patients with sickle cell disease. Semin Hematol. 2001;38(1):30-36. 2. Malcovati L, Della Porta MG, Pascutto C, et al. Prognostic factors and life expectancy in myelodysplastic syndromes classified according to WHO criteria: a basis for clinical decision making. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23(30):7594-7603. 3. Olivieri NF, Brittenham GM. Iron-chelating therapy and the treatment of thalassemia. Blood. 1997;89(3):739-761. 4. Porter JB. Practical management of iron overload. Br J Haematol. 2001;115(2):239-252. 5. Bennett JM; for the MDS Foundation's Working Group on Transfusional Iron Overload. Consensus statement on iron overload in myelodysplastic syndromes. Am J Hematol. 2008;83(11):858-861. 6. Gabutti V, Piga A. Results of long-term iron-chelating therapy. Acta Haematol. 1996;95(1):26-36. 7. Kushner JP, Porter JP, Olivieri NF. Secondary iron overload. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2001:47-61. 8. Papanikolaou G, Pantopoulos K. Iron metabolism and toxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005;202(2):199-211. 9. Schafer AI, Cheron RG, Dluhy R, et al. Clinical consequences of acquired transfusional iron overload in adults. N Engl J Med. 1981;304(6):319-324.